San Marino (2006) | Coral Sea Islands (2002) | |
Administrative divisions | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle | - |
Age structure | 0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,534/female 2,372)
15-64 years: 66.2% (male 9,316/female 10,055) 65 years and over: 17% (male 2,149/female 2,825) (2006 est.) |
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Agriculture - products | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides | - |
Area | total: 61.2 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: less than 3 sq km
land: less than 3 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 780,000 sq km, with the Willis Islets the most important |
Area - comparative | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC | NA |
Background | The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. | Scattered over some 1 million square kilometers of ocean, the Coral Sea Islands were declared a territory of Australia in 1969. They are uninhabited except for a small meteorological staff on Willis Island. Automated weather stations, beacons, and a lighthouse occupy many other islands and reefs. |
Birth rate | 10.02 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) | - |
Budget | revenues: $400 million
expenditures: $400 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
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Capital | name: San Marino
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
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Climate | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers | tropical |
Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 3,095 km |
Constitution | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution | - |
Country name | conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory
conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands |
Death rate | 8.17 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) | - |
Debt - external | $NA | - |
Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories |
Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino | none (territory of Australia) |
Diplomatic representation in the US | San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu |
none (territory of Australia) |
Disputes - international | none | none |
Economic aid - recipient | $NA | - |
Economy - overview | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. | no economic activity |
Elevation extremes | lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m |
Environment - current issues | NA | no permanent fresh water resources |
Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
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Ethnic groups | Sammarinese, Italian | - |
Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) | - |
Executive branch | chief of state: Cochiefs of State Captain Regent Antonio CARATTONI and Captain Regent Roberto GIORGETTI (for the period 1 October 2006-31 March 2007)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2006 (next to be held March 2007); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 13 December 2003 (next to be held NA) election results: Antonio CARATTONI and Roberto GIORGETTI elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fabio BERARDI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister |
administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories |
Exports | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy | - |
Exports - commodities | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics | - |
Fiscal year | calendar year | - |
Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) | the flag of Australia is used |
GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
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GDP - real growth rate | 2.3% (2002 est.) | - |
Geographic coordinates | 43 46 N, 12 25 E | 18 00 S, 152 00 E |
Geography - note | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines | important nesting area for birds and turtles |
Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Imports | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy | - |
Imports - commodities | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food | - |
Independence | 3 September A.D. 301 | - |
Industrial production growth rate | 6% (1997 est.) | - |
Industries | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine | - |
Infant mortality rate | total: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -1.7% (2001) | - |
International organization participation | CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO | - |
Irrigated land | NA | 0 sq km (1998 est.) |
Judicial branch | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII | - |
Labor force | 19,970 (2003) | - |
Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 1%
industry: 42% services: 57% (2000 est.) |
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Land boundaries | total: 39 km
border countries: Italy 39 km |
0 km |
Land use | arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0% other: 83.33% (2005) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mostly grass or scrub cover) (1998 est.) |
Languages | Italian | - |
Legal system | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply |
Legislative branch | unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, APDS 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, APDS 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, other 4 |
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Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.71 years
male: 78.23 years female: 85.5 years (2006 est.) |
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Literacy | definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.) |
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Location | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy | Oceania, islands in the Coral Sea, northeast of Australia |
Map references | Europe | Oceania |
Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 3 NM |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Italy | defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors |
Military branches | no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006) | - |
Military expenditures - dollar figure | $700,000 (FY00/01) | - |
Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA | - |
National holiday | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (A.D. 301) | - |
Nationality | noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese |
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Natural hazards | NA | occasional tropical cyclones |
Natural resources | building stone | NEGL |
Net migration rate | 10.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) | - |
Political parties and leaders | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN; New Socialist Party; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left | - |
Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | - |
Population | 29,251 (July 2006 est.) | no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological station (July 2002 est.) |
Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
Population growth rate | 1.26% (2006 est.) | - |
Ports and harbors | - | none; offshore anchorage only |
Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | - |
Religions | Roman Catholic | - |
Sex ratio | at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
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Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | - |
Telephone system | general assessment: adequate connections
domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network |
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Telephones - main lines in use | 20,600 (2002) | - |
Telephones - mobile cellular | 16,800 (2002) | - |
Television broadcast stations | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) | - |
Terrain | rugged mountains | sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays) |
Total fertility rate | 1.34 children born/woman (2006 est.) | - |
Unemployment rate | 2.6% (2001) | - |
Waterways | - | none |